Category: Instrumentation

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User Guide for the Mettler Toledo IND131/IND331 Series Weighing Controller Manual

Introduction

The Mettler Toledo IND131/IND331 Series Weighing Controller Manual serves as an essential reference for users to understand, install, operate, and maintain this series of weighing controllers. This article aims to provide a detailed user guide, assisting users in better comprehending and utilizing this controller.

Function diagram of the operation panel of the TOLIDO weighing controller IND131-IND331

Controller Keypad and Display Functionality

The IND131/IND331 series of weighing controllers are equipped with four primary keys: C (Clear Tare), P (Print), T (Tare), and Z (Zero). The display is a green OLED dot matrix screen used to show weight, units, gross/net weight status, and other information.

  • C Key (Clear Tare): In net weight mode, pressing this key clears the current tare value, restoring the gross weight display.
  • P Key (Print): Pressing this key initiates print data output. Pressing and holding for 3 seconds enters the quick operation menu and settings menu.
  • T Key (Tare): Used to set or clear the tare weight, enabling the instrument to display zero net weight when the container is empty.
  • Z Key (Zero): When the scale platform is empty, pressing this key performs zero calibration.

The display shows the current weight, units, gross/net weight status, and supports multiple languages such as Chinese and English.

Preset Point and Comparator Function Settings

Preset Point Function Settings

The preset point function is used for fixed value control, such as dual-speed filling of single materials. The setup steps are as follows:

  1. Enter the “Preset Point Setup” (F2.1) in the settings menu and select the tolerance type (absolute value or percentage).
  2. In the “Preset Point” (F2.2) menu, set the preset point value, negative tolerance, positive tolerance, spillage, and fine feed value.
  3. Configure the Discrete I/O menu (F2.4) to set the preset point-related input and output points.

Comparator Function Settings

The comparator function is used for material alarm, checkweighing, and sorting. The setup steps are as follows:

  1. Enter the “Comparator” (F2.3) in the settings menu and select Comparator 1, 2, or 3.
  2. Set the data source (displayed weight, gross weight, rate, etc.), comparison conditions (e.g., less than, equal to, greater than), and upper and lower limits.
  3. Configure the Discrete I/O menu (F2.4) to set the comparator-related input and output points.

Scale Calibration Settings and Operations

The IND131/IND331 series controllers offer three calibration methods: zero and full-scale calibration, step-by-step substitution calibration, and calibration-free.

Zero and Full-Scale Calibration

  1. Enter the “Calibration” (F1.3) in the settings menu and enable or disable linear calibration.
  2. Execute “Set Zero” (F1.3.2), keep the scale empty, and press the print key to perform zero calibration.
  3. Execute “Set Span” (F1.3.3), input the test weight, place the weight, and press the print key to perform span calibration.

Step-by-Step Substitution Calibration

  1. Enter the “Step Cal” (F1.3.4) menu, input the test weight.
  2. Follow the prompts for zero calibration, place the test weight, and perform step-by-step calibration.
  3. Repeat the steps until the weight on the container reaches the full scale of the scale.

Calibration-Free

  1. Enter the “CalFREE” (F1.3.5) menu, input the total sensor capacity and rated output sensitivity.
  2. Confirm to execute the calibration-free process and wait for the calibration success or failure prompt.
TOLIDO Weighing Controller IND131-IND331 Serial Port and Sensor Wiring

Electrical Connections and Data Backup, Recovery, and Upgrade

Electrical Connections

  • Sensor Wiring: Short-circuit +Exc and +Sen, -Exc and -Sen of the sensor, and connect to the sensor/junction box terminals of the controller.
  • Communication Line Wiring: The standard serial port COM1 provides an RS-232 interface, and the optional serial port COM2 provides RS-232 or RS-485 interfaces, wired according to requirements.
  • 4-20mA Analog Output Wiring: Connect the analog output signal to the corresponding terminal based on the version of the option board.

Data Backup, Recovery, and Upgrade

  • Data Backup: Insert the SD memory card and follow the prompts to save the configuration file.
  • Data Recovery: Insert the SD memory card, select to restore the configuration file, and confirm whether to include calibration data.
  • Software Upgrade: Insert the SD memory card containing the upgrade software, enter the maintenance menu, and follow the prompts to perform the software upgrade.

Error Code Meaning Analysis and Solutions

Err0015 Error Code

The Err0015 error code indicates “No Seal”. The solution is as follows:

  1. Check the approval settings (F1.1.2) of the instrument to ensure the seal status is not selected.
  2. If you need to cancel the seal status, switch SWITCH-1 to the OFF position or set the approval to “None”.

Conclusion

The Mettler Toledo IND131/IND331 Series Weighing Controller Manual provides a detailed user guide, including keypad and display functionality, preset point and comparator function settings, scale calibration methods, electrical connections, data backup, recovery, and upgrade. This guide helps users better understand and operate this weighing controller, improving production efficiency and accuracy. In practical applications, users should strictly follow the manual instructions to ensure the normal operation and long-term stability of the equipment.

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Eppendorf ThermoMixer User Manual Guide and Fault Analysis

I. Introduction to Eppendorf ThermoMixer Functionality and Its Relationship with Eppendorf ThermoTop

thermoblock not recognized

The Eppendorf ThermoMixer is a high-performance laboratory instrument designed to provide precise temperature control and efficient sample mixing. It is widely used in various experimental fields such as molecular biology, cell culture, PCR reactions, enzymatic reactions, and bacterial culture. By simultaneously mixing and incubating samples in a metal bath, the device ensures the accuracy and reliability of experimental results.

The Eppendorf ThermoMixer is equipped with interchangeable SmartBlock heating modules that support various sizes of sample tubes and plates, offering excellent temperature homogeneity and accuracy. Additionally, the instrument is compatible with the Eppendorf ThermoTop, a heated lid with condens.protect technology that prevents condensation inside sample tubes during heating, further enhancing the stability of experimental results.

II. ThermoMixer Operating Guide

Eppendorf ThermoMixe

The Eppendorf ThermoMixer is suitable for various experimental scenarios requiring precise temperature control and sample mixing, including but not limited to:

  • Nucleic acid and protein denaturation and labeling
  • Bacterial and yeast culture
  • Lysis reactions
  • PCR reaction mixture preparation
  • Enzymatic reactions (e.g., DNA restriction enzyme digestion, protease K digestion, and ligation)
Usage Method
  1. Power-on and Setup:
    • Connect to the power supply and press the power switch.
    • Use the temperature, mixing speed, and time arrow keys to set the desired parameters.
  2. Installing the Heating Module:
    • Select the appropriate SmartBlock heating module based on experimental needs and install it on the device.
    • The device automatically recognizes the installed heating module and limits the mixing frequency to the module’s maximum value.
  3. Inserting Sample Tubes or Plates:
    • Fully insert the sample tubes or plates into the holes of the heating module.
    • If using the heated lid, ensure it is correctly installed and locked.
  4. Starting Operation:
    • Press the Start/Stop button to initiate mixing and temperature control.
    • When the set time expires, mixing will automatically stop, but temperature control will continue until the power is turned off.
  5. Special Features:
    • Short Mix: Press and hold the Short Mix button for quick mixing; release the button to stop.
    • Interval Mix: Press and hold the Interval Mix button to set intermittent mixing parameters; the device will alternate between mixing and rest phases.
Usage Process
  • During operation, various settings and adjustments can be made using the menu button and arrow keys, such as program creation, editing, and saving.
  • The device also provides multiple preset program buttons for quick selection of commonly used mixing and temperature control parameters.
NO thermoblock

III. Fault Code Meanings and Analysis for the ThermoMixer

err: Thermoblock not recognized
  • Meaning: The device fails to recognize the installed heating module.
  • Possible Causes:
    • Incompatible or damaged heating module.
    • Heating module not properly installed or poor contact.
    • Dirt or damage on the interface between the device and the heating module.
  • Solutions:
    • Check if the heating module is compatible and undamaged.
    • Reinstall the heating module to ensure proper contact.
    • Clean the interface between the device and the heating module to remove any dirt or damage.
error: No thermoblock!
  • Meaning: The device detects that no heating module is installed.
  • Possible Causes:
    • Heating module not installed.
    • Heating module installed incorrectly or loosely.
  • Solutions:
    • Install a suitable heating module and ensure it is securely locked in place on the device.
    • Check the installation of the heating module to ensure it is firmly attached.

IV. Conclusion

The Eppendorf ThermoMixer is a powerful and easy-to-use laboratory instrument that provides precise temperature control and efficient sample mixing to meet various experimental needs. When used in conjunction with the Eppendorf ThermoTop, it can further enhance the stability and reliability of experimental results. Users should strictly follow the instructions in the user manual during operation and pay attention to the maintenance and care of the device. In case of faults, users should promptly refer to the fault analysis and solutions in the user manual or contact technical support for assistance.

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Innov-X Alpha Series Spectrometer User Guide

I. Introduction to XRF Technology and Innov-X Alpha Series Performance Characteristics

1.1 Introduction to XRF Technology

X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) is a powerful tool for elemental analysis and quantification. It works on the principle that different elements, when excited by X-rays, emit fluorescent X-rays with specific energies or wavelengths. These characteristics of the emitted X-rays can be used to identify and quantify the elements present in a sample.

α-6500

1.2 Innov-X Alpha Series Performance Characteristics

The Innov-X Alpha series of spectrometers are portable XRF analyzers featuring the following notable characteristics:

  • Portability: Designed for handheld use, facilitating on-site analysis.
  • Battery-Powered: Equipped with rechargeable lithium-ion batteries for extended operation.
  • High Precision: Utilizes a high-resolution silicon PIN diode detector for accurate elemental analysis.
  • Versatility: Suitable for analyzing alloys, soils, paints, and various other sample types.
  • User-Friendly: Integrated with an HP iPAQ Pocket PC for an intuitive operation interface.
  • Automatic Compensation: Automatically compensates for irregular or small samples, enhancing analysis accuracy.

II. Basic Operational Workflow and Radiation Safety Precautions

2.1 Basic Operational Workflow

  1. Inspection and Preparation: Ensure all accessories are present, batteries are fully charged, and the iPAQ is also charged.
  2. Power-On: Press the power switch on the back of the analyzer, followed by the power button on the iPAQ.
  3. Software Initiation: Select the Innov-X software on the iPAQ to begin using the analyzer.

2.2 Radiation Safety Precautions

  • Pre-Operational Preparation: Ensure operators have undergone radiation safety training and obtained the corresponding certificate.
  • Operational Norms: Never point the analyzer at any part of the body, especially during testing.
  • Radiation Warnings: Pay attention to the red indicator light on the analyzer and the warning label on the back, ensuring no one is around during testing.
  • Regular Monitoring: Use personal dosimeters to regularly monitor radiation exposure.
standardization failed

III. Routine Operational Procedures

3.1 Standardization Procedure

  • Steps: Perform standardization before each use or after hardware reset. Place the standardization cap over the analyzer probe and press the standardization button on the screen, waiting for completion.
  • Precautions: If standardization fails, check the placement of the cap, battery level, and restart the analyzer if necessary.

3.2 Software Trigger Lock

  • Function: Prevents accidental triggering, ensuring safe operation.
  • Operation: Unlock the trigger by tapping the lock icon on the iPAQ screen before testing. The trigger will automatically lock if no test is performed within five minutes.

3.3 Testing and Outputting Results

  • Testing: Align the probe with the sample and press the trigger or the start button on the iPAQ to initiate testing.
  • Viewing Results: Upon completion, results will automatically display on the iPAQ screen. Detailed data and spectra can be viewed on the results screen.
  • Data Export: Use ActiveSync software to connect the iPAQ to a computer and export test results to Excel or other software for further analysis.
count rate too low

IV. Operating Guide for Soil Mode

4.1 Soil Mode Setup

  • Mode Selection: Choose the “Soil” mode from the main menu.
  • Test Time Settings: Configure the minimum and maximum test times, as well as the test end conditions (e.g., maximum time, relative standard deviation).

4.2 Testing Steps

  • Sample Preparation: Place the soil sample in a test cup or on the test stand, ensuring it fully covers the probe window.
  • Initiate Testing: Press the trigger or the start button on the iPAQ to begin testing.
  • Result Analysis: After testing, review the element concentrations and spectra on the results screen, and export data as needed.

V. Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

5.1 Inability to Standardize (Low Count Rate)

  • Possible Causes: Insufficient battery power, improper placement of the standardization cap, detector contamination or damage.
  • Troubleshooting:
    1. Check the battery level and ensure it is fully charged.
    2. Reposition the standardization cap to ensure it fully covers the probe window.
    3. Clean the detector window to remove any dirt or obstructions.
    4. If the issue persists, contact Innov-X technical support for further inspection and repair.

VI. Conclusion

The Innov-X Alpha series of spectrometers, with their portability, high precision, and versatility, offer wide applications in the field of elemental analysis. By following the operational procedures and radiation safety precautions outlined in this user guide, operators can safely and effectively conduct analyses on various samples. Additionally, understanding common faults and troubleshooting methods will help ensure the stable operation of the analyzer and extend its service life.

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DC Power Analyzers: Principles, Operation Guide, and Comprehensive Fault Repair Manual

DC Power Analyzers: Principles, Operation Guide, and Comprehensive Fault Repair Manual

I. Overview

DC Power Analyzers are high-precision testing devices specifically designed to measure and analyze various parameters of DC power sources, such as output voltage, output current, power, and efficiency. They play an indispensable role in modern electronic systems, power monitoring, renewable energy generation systems, and battery testing and management. These analyzers provide accurate measurements of power parameters, assisting engineers in evaluating power performance, verifying design specifications, and conducting fault diagnosis and optimization.

II. Principles

The working principle of DC Power Analyzers is based on real-time measurement and sampling of input and output voltages and currents, with subsequent calculation of related parameters through internal algorithms. The instrument typically consists of multiple components, including input/output interfaces, measurement circuits, data processing units, and display units. During measurement, the analyzer captures changes in voltage and current in real time, converts and processes these signals through built-in high-precision sensors and signal processing circuits, and finally displays the results on the screen in digital or graphical form.

III. Operation Guide

Preparation Stage:

  • Place the DC Power Analyzer on a stable workbench and preheat it by connecting to the power supply.
  • Select appropriate voltage and current ranges according to the requirements of the device under test, and set corresponding parameters.

Connecting the Device Under Test:

  • Use suitable connection cables to connect the power input terminal of the device under test to the output terminal of the DC Power Analyzer.
  • Ensure secure and reliable connections to avoid poor contact or short circuits.

Starting Measurement:

  • Activate the DC Power Analyzer and select the corresponding measurement mode and functions as needed.
  • The instrument will automatically start measuring and recording data, and users can observe the measurement results in real time on the display screen.

Data Analysis:

  • After measurement, the DC Power Analyzer will provide detailed measurement reports and data charts.
  • Users can evaluate and analyze power performance based on these data, identify potential issues or abnormalities, and take corresponding measures for repair and optimization.

Ending Operation:

  • After measurement, turn off the DC Power Analyzer and disconnect it from the device under test.
  • Clean the work area and properly store the instrument for future use.

IV. Fault and Repair Methods

Unable to Turn On:

  • Check if the power plug is securely inserted into the socket and if the power cord is damaged.
  • If the power is normal but the instrument cannot be turned on, it may be due to internal circuit failure or battery depletion. Contact professional maintenance personnel for inspection and repair.

Display Abnormalities:

  • If the display screen shows garbled characters, a black screen, or flickering, it may be due to display screen failure or system firmware issues.
  • Try restarting the instrument and updating the firmware to resolve the issue. If the problem persists, replace the display screen or perform system repairs.

Inaccurate Measurement:

  • Inaccurate measurements may be caused by sensor aging, calibration failure, or environmental interference.
  • Calibrate or replace the sensors as needed, and ensure a stable and interference-free measurement environment.

Communication Failures:

  • If the DC Power Analyzer cannot communicate with a computer or other devices, it may be due to damaged communication interfaces or mismatched communication protocols.
  • Check the secure connection of the communication interface and confirm correct communication protocol settings. If the issue remains unresolved, contact professional maintenance personnel for inspection and repair.

Other Faults:

  • Faults such as malfunctioning buttons or inaccurate knob adjustments may be caused by wear or damage due to long-term use.
  • Replace the corresponding components to restore the normal function of the instrument.

V. Brands and Models of DC Power Analyzers Repaired by Longi Electromechanical

  1. Keysight Technologies
    • N6705C: DC Power Analyzer
    • N7900 Series: N7906A, N7950A
    • N6700 Series: N6702C, N6705B
  2. Tektronix
    • PA1000: Single-Phase Power Analyzer
    • PA3000: Three-Phase Power Analyzer
    • PA4000: Multi-Phase Power Analyzer
  3. Chroma
    • 66205: Precision Power Analyzer
    • 66203: Three-Phase Power Analyzer
    • 66204: Four-Phase Power Analyzer
  4. Yokogawa
    • WT3000E: High-Precision Power Analyzer
    • WT5000: Precision Power Analyzer
    • WT300E Series: WT310E, WT330E
  5. Rohde & Schwarz
    • NRP Series: NRP6AN, NRP18AN
    • R&S HMC804x Series: HMC8041, HMC8042, HMC8043
  6. GW Instek
    • PSW Series: PSW30-108, PSW160-13.5
    • GPP Series: GPP-4323, GPP-3060
  7. Rigol Technologies
    • DP800 Series: DP831A, DP832A, DP821A
  8. B&K Precision
    • 9129B: DC Power Analyzer
    • 9130B Series: 9130B, 9131B
    • MR3000 Series: MR3000
  9. EA Elektro-Automatik
    • PSI 9000 Series: PSI 9000 2U, PSI 9000 3U
    • ELR 9000 Series: ELR 9000
  10. ITECH
    • IT7600 Series: IT7602, IT7603
    • IT6500 Series: IT6512C, IT6522C
  11. Delta Elektronika
    • SM15K Series: SM15K
    • ES Series: ES030-5, ES150-10
  12. Magna-Power
    • XR Series: XR500-12, XR1000-6
    • TS Series: TS250-60, TS500-30
  13. Sorensen (AMETEK Programmable Power)
    • DLM600 Series: DLM600-1, DLM600-2
    • SGA Series: GA600-1, SGA600-2
  14. TDK-Lambda
    • GENH Series: GENH 10-200, GENH 20-100hi
    • Z+ Series: Z+200-10, Z+800-2
  15. Agilent: N6705B, N6705C, N6715B, N6715

Longi Electromechanical Company has nearly 30 years of experience in repairing DC Power Analyzers and can quickly repair various instruments. Additionally, we offer recycling and sales services for various DC Power Analyzers. Welcome to consult.

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Signal Generators: Principles, Brands,Operation Guides, and Troubleshooting

Signal Generators: Principles, Operation Guides, and Troubleshooting

I. Overview

Signal generators, also known as signal sources or oscillators, are devices capable of producing various waveforms, frequencies, and amplitudes of electronic signals. They play a crucial role in the field of electronic technology, widely used in testing, calibration, and experimentation. By simulating the excitation signals required by devices under test in real-world environments, signal generators assist engineers and technicians in accurately measuring and analyzing the performance parameters of electronic circuits and equipment.

II. Principles

[Image 2: Principles of Signal Generators]

The working principle of signal generators is based on oscillator theory, which generates stable electronic signals through internal circuit oscillations. Specifically, signal generators produce a reference frequency through a signal source (such as a crystal oscillator or reference signal). This frequency is then adjusted in terms of output signal frequency and amplitude through frequency control circuits and amplitude control circuits. Different types of signal generators may employ various oscillation circuits and modulation techniques to produce signals of specific waveforms. For example, sine wave signal generators typically utilize RC or LC oscillation circuits, while pulse signal generators may leverage gate circuits or switching circuits to generate pulse signals.

III. Operation Methods

  1. Power Connection: First, connect the signal generator to an appropriate power source and ensure a stable connection.
  2. Parameter Setting: Set the output signal type (e.g., sine wave, square wave, pulse wave), frequency, amplitude, and phase of the signal generator as needed, using knobs, keyboard inputs, or menu options.
  3. Output Connection: Connect the output port of the signal generator to the device or measurement system under test, ensuring correct connection.
  4. Calibration and Verification: Before formal testing, calibrate and verify the signal generator to ensure the accuracy and stability of the output signal.
  5. Testing Initiation: Start the signal generator to produce the required signal and proceed with experimentation, testing, or debugging.
  6. Output Monitoring: Use appropriate measurement equipment (e.g., oscilloscopes, spectrum analyzers) to monitor the output signal of the signal generator, checking parameters such as frequency, amplitude, waveform, and stability for consistency with expectations.
  7. Parameter Adjustment: Adjust the parameters of the signal generator as needed to meet specific testing requirements or application needs.
  8. Testing Completion: After testing, stop the signal generator and gradually disconnect it from the test equipment or measurement system.

IV. Troubleshooting and Repair Methods

[Image 4: Troubleshooting and Repair Methods]

  1. Power Issues: Power failures are common in signal generators. Check for secure power cord connections and normal power supply. Replace the power cord or faulty power supply if necessary.
  2. Display Issues: If the display is unreadable, unstable, or shows incorrect content, it may be due to display screen failure, display driver circuit failure, or system firmware issues. Check for secure display connections, restart the device, update firmware, or replace the display screen.
  3. Output Issues: Unstable output signal amplitude, incorrect frequency, or waveform distortion may result from output circuit failure, clock synchronization issues, or interference from external sources. Check output circuit connections, inspect clock synchronization circuits, and eliminate interference sources.
  4. Control Issues: Malfunctioning control buttons or inaccurate adjustments may be caused by control circuit failure, control software issues, or faulty buttons. Check control circuit connections, restart the device, update software, or replace buttons.
  5. Connection Issues: Loose connections, poor contact, or line failures between the signal generator and the device under test can lead to abnormal test signal output. Ensure secure connections, reinsert connection cables, and repair line failures.
  6. Calibration Issues: An improperly calibrated signal generator can result in output errors, frequency deviations, or amplitude distortions. Perform regular calibration and adjust parameters and signal sources according to calibration requirements to ensure accurate output.
  7. Cooling Issues: Signal generators generate heat during operation and require an effective cooling system. Cooling system failures can lead to device overheating, affecting performance and lifespan. Check for properly functioning cooling fans, clean ventilation holes, and ensure a smooth cooling system.
  8. Noise Issues: Noise in the output signal can affect the accuracy of test results. Check for interference in signal source input and output lines, and add shielding and filters to eliminate noise.

In summary, signal generators are vital equipment in the field of electronic testing, and their principles, operation methods, and troubleshooting methods are crucial for ensuring test accuracy and device reliability. By operating and maintaining signal generators correctly, their important role in the field of electronic technology can be fully leveraged.

V. Brands and Models of Signal Generators Repaired by Longi Electromechanical

  1. Keysight Technologies
    • MXG X-Series: N5181B (Analog), N5182B (Vector)
    • EXG X-Series: N5171B (Analog), N5172B (Vector)
    • UXG X-Series: N5193A (Vector)
  2. Rohde & Schwarz
    • SMW200A: High-Performance Vector Signal Generator
    • SMB100A: Analog Signal Generator
    • SMA100B: High-Performance Analog Signal Generator
    • SGT100A: Vector Signal Generator
  3. Tektronix
    • AWG70000 Series: AWG70001B, AWG70002B
    • AFG31000 Series: AFG31151, AFG31251
  4. Anritsu
    • MG3690C Series: MG3691C, MG3692C, MG3693C
    • MG3710E: Vector Signal Generator
  5. National Instruments (NI)
    • PXIe-5451: Vector Signal Generator
    • PXIe-5653: Vector Signal Generator
  6. Signal Hound
    • USB-SG44: USB Vector Signal Generator
    • USB-SG44A: High-Performance USB Vector Signal Generator
  7. B&K Precision
    • 4050B Series: 4051B, 4052B, 4053B
  8. Rigol Technologies
    • DSG800 Series: DSG815, DSG830
    • DSG3000 Series: DSG3060, DSG3030
  9. Stanford Research Systems (SRS)
    • SG380 Series: SG382, SG384
  10. Tabor Electronics
    • WW1071: High-Performance Arbitrary Waveform Signal Generator
    • WX2184C: High-Speed Arbitrary Waveform Signal Generator
  11. Aim-TTi
    • TGR2051: General-Purpose Signal Generator
    • TGR2050: High-Performance Signal Generator
  12. Boonton
    • SGX1000 Series: SGX1003, SGX1006
  13. Marconi Instruments
    • 2024: General-Purpose Signal Generator
    • 2031: High-Performance Signal Generator
  14. Aeroflex / IFR
    • 2025: General-Purpose Signal Generator
    • 3410 Series: 3410, 3412
  15. Agilent: E4421B/E4421A/E4422B/E4422A

Longi Electromechanical has nearly 30 years of experience in repairing signal generators and can quickly repair various types of instruments. Additionally, we recycle and sell various signal generators. Welcome to consult.

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Polarimeter: Detailed Principles, User Guide, and Comprehensive Fault Repair Guide

Polarimeter: Detailed Principles, User Guide, and Comprehensive Fault Repair Guide

I. Overview

The polarimeter is a precision optical instrument primarily used to measure the optical rotation of substances exhibiting chirality. Optical rotation, a measure of how a substance rotates polarized light, enables the analysis and determination of substance concentration, content, and purity. Polarimeters find wide application in pharmaceutical production, drug inspection, sugar manufacturing, food processing, chemical industry, petroleum, as well as in scientific research and education for laboratory analysis and process quality control.

II. Principles

The working principle of the polarimeter is based on the phenomenon of optical rotation exhibited by substances on polarized light. Natural light, after passing through a polarizer, becomes plane-polarized light. When this plane-polarized light passes through a chiral substance, its vibration direction rotates by a certain angle, known as the optical rotation. The polarimeter measures the angle change before and after the polarized light passes through the chiral substance to determine its optical rotation. Specifically, the polarimeter employs a light source that emits light, which, after passing through a color filter and a polarizer, forms plane-polarized light. This light rotates when it passes through a polarimeter tube containing the chiral substance, and is then observed and measured through an analyzer and an eyepiece assembly to obtain the optical rotation value.

III. Usage Instructions

Preparation:

  • Place the polarimeter on a stable workbench, connect the power supply, and preheat until the light source stabilizes (usually 5-10 minutes).
  • Check if all components of the instrument are intact and the polarimeter tube is clean and free of impurities.

Zero Calibration:

  • Turn on the instrument and use a blank solvent (e.g., distilled water) for zero calibration.
  • Inject the blank solvent into the polarimeter tube, place it in the sample chamber, adjust the analyzer to the zero position, and ensure uniform field brightness.
  • Repeat the operation several times to ensure the instrument’s stability and reliability.

Sample Testing:

  • Inject the sample into the polarimeter tube, ensuring no bubbles and that the tube is fully filled.
  • Place the tube back in the sample chamber, adjust the analyzer to the appropriate position for optimal field brightness.
  • Read and record the displayed optical rotation value.

Repeated Measurements and Averaging:

  • For improved accuracy, repeat measurements on the same sample and take the average as the final result.

Completion:

  • After testing, turn off the instrument, clean the polarimeter tube and sample chamber, return the instrument to its place, and make usage records.

IV. Faults and Repair Methods

Light Source Faults:

  • If the light source does not illuminate or is insufficiently bright, check the power supply, bulb integrity, and optical path clearance.
  • Replace the bulb or clean the optical path to resolve the issue.

Unstable Readings:

  • Fluctuating readings may result from environmental temperature changes, lack of calibration, or loose mechanical parts.
  • Ensure the instrument is used in a constant temperature environment, calibrate regularly, and check the tightness of mechanical parts.

Polarimeter Tube Contamination:

  • Contamination of the polarimeter tube’s inner wall affects measurements.
  • Regularly clean the inner wall with a dedicated cleaner and soft cloth, avoiding scratches.

Circuit Faults:

  • Circuit issues, such as the instrument not turning on or no display, may result from poor power cord connection, blown fuses, or damaged circuit boards.
  • Check power cord connections, replace fuses, or contact professional repair personnel for circuit board faults.

Mechanical Part Damage:

  • Damaged mechanical parts, such as stiff analyzer rotation or loose eyepiece assemblies, affect measurement accuracy and stability.
  • Regularly inspect mechanical parts for damage and replace them promptly to ensure proper instrument operation.

V. Brands and Models of Polarimeters Repaired by Longi Electromechanical

  1. Anton Paar
    • MCP Series: MCP 100, MCP 150, MCP 200, MCP 300, MCP 500
  2. Rudolph Research Analytical
    • Autopol Series: Autopol I, Autopol II, Autopol III, Autopol IV, Autopol V, Autopol VI
  3. JASCO
    • P Series: P-2000, P-1010, P-1020, P-1030, P-2000
  4. Schmidt+Haensch
    • Polartronic Series: Polartronic M, Polartronic H532, Polartronic V, Saccharomat
  5. Bellingham + Stanley (Xylem)
    • ADP Series: ADP440+, ADP450, ADP600, ADP660
  6. Atago
    • POLAX-2L: Automatic Polarimeter
    • DigiPol Series: DigiPol-781, DigiPol-782
  7. A.KRÜSS Optronic
    • P Series: P3000, P8000, P8000-TF
  8. Thermo Fisher Scientific
    • Orion Series: Orion 420
  9. HORIBA Scientific
    • SEPA Series: SEPA-200
  10. MRC Lab
    • POL Series: POL-1/2, POL-2/2, POL-3/2
  11. Shanghai Insmark Instrument
    • WZZ Series: WZZ-2B, WZZ-3, WZZ-3A
  12. PerkinElmer
    • 341 Series: Model 341
  13. Rudolph Instruments
    • Autopol Series: Autopol I, Autopol II, Autopol III
  14. DigiPol Technologies
    • DigiPol Series: DigiPol-781, DigiPol-782
  15. Hahnshin Scientific
    • HP Series: HP-300, HP-500

Longi Electromechanical Company specializes in polarimeter repairs with nearly 30 years of experience, ensuring quick and efficient repairs for various instruments. Additionally, we offer polarimeter recycling and sales. For more information, please contact us.

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Cone Penetrometer: Principles, Operation Guide, and Comprehensive Maintenance Manual

I. Overview

1. Introduction
The cone penetrometer, a specialized material testing device, is primarily used to measure the hardness or consistency of various coatings, paints, chemical products, and greases. By simulating a standard conical probe applying pressure to the sample surface and measuring its insertion depth, it assesses the sample’s resistance or hardness. The cone penetrometer, known for its simplicity, wide applicability, and high measurement accuracy, finds extensive use in industrial manufacturing, scientific research, and medical fields.

II. Principles

2. Working Mechanism
The cone penetrometer operates based on the indentation method in mechanics. It incorporates a standard conical probe (commonly referred to as the cone) and a pressure gauge (or displacement sensor). During testing, the cone is vertically pressed into the sample surface under a preset pressure, and the pressure gauge records the depth of cone penetration into the sample. This depth value reflects the sample’s resistance under given pressure, indicating its hardness or consistency. Multiple tests at different positions and directions, followed by averaging, ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

III. Operation Guide

3. Preparation
Ensure the cone penetrometer is in good working condition. Check the cone for cleanliness and damage. Prepare the sample to be tested. Depending on the test requirements, adjust the instrument’s temperature, pressure, and other parameters.

4. Sample Preparation
Place the sample on a flat testing platform, ensuring the sample surface is smooth and free of impurities. For tests requiring specific temperatures, heat or cool the sample to the designated temperature.

5. Cone Installation
Attach a clean cone to the instrument’s standard rod and secure it. Adjust the instrument’s level to ensure the cone can vertically penetrate the sample surface during testing.

6. Testing Procedure
Start the cone penetrometer and begin testing according to preset parameters. The cone gradually penetrates the sample surface under pressure, and the pressure gauge records the cone’s insertion depth in real-time. The instrument automatically stops the test upon reaching the preset time or depth.

7. Data Reading
After testing, read the cone’s insertion depth value from the instrument. For improved measurement accuracy, perform multiple tests at different positions and directions and calculate the average.

8. Cleanup and Maintenance
After testing, promptly clean the cone and testing platform. Remove and properly store the cone’s protective oil. Regularly maintain and calibrate the instrument to ensure long-term stable operation.

IV. Common Faults and Repair Methods

9. Cone Wear or Damage

  • Symptom: Inaccurate or highly variable measurement results.
  • Repair Method: Inspect the cone for wear or damage and replace it if necessary. Ensure the cone is securely installed and its surface is clean and free of impurities.

10. Pressure Gauge Failure

  • Symptom: Incorrect display of cone insertion depth or unstable readings.
  • Repair Method: Check the pressure gauge’s connecting wires and sensors for proper function. If faulty, contact the manufacturer or professional repair personnel for repair or replacement.

11. Insufficient Instrument Levelness

  • Symptom: Test results significantly influenced by test position, with poor consistency.
  • Repair Method: Readjust the instrument’s levelness to ensure the cone can vertically penetrate the sample surface during testing. Use a level bubble or other tools for calibration.

12. Power or Circuit Fault

  • Symptom: Instrument failure to start or sudden shutdown during operation.
  • Repair Method: Check the power cord and plug for secure connection and proper power supply. For circuit faults, contact professionals for troubleshooting and repair.

13. Other Mechanical Faults

  • Symptom: Issues such as excessive instrument noise or restricted movement.
  • Repair Method: Inspect instrument components for looseness or damage and tighten or replace as necessary. Regularly lubricate and maintain the instrument to reduce mechanical wear and fault occurrence.

V. Brands and Models of Cone Penetrometers Repaired by Longi Electromechanical

  • Anton Paar
    • PMA.S: Cone penetrometer for grease and asphalt testing.
    • PMA.G: High-precision cone penetrometer for various samples.
  • Humboldt
    • H-1240: Automatic cone penetrometer for asphalt and soil.
    • H-1240.4F: Automatic cone penetrometer with cooling function.
  • Cannon Instrument Company
    • CAV-2000: Fully automatic cone penetrometer for grease and asphalt.
    • CAV-2100: High-precision cone penetrometer with touchscreen control.
  • Metrohm
    • 856: High-precision cone penetrometer for grease, asphalt, and food.
  • PIVOT
    • PIVOT Cone Penetrometer: Suitable for grease and asphalt.
  • ELE International
    • Digital Penetrometer: High-precision digital cone penetrometer for soil and asphalt.
  • Controls Group
    • Automatic Digital Penetrometer: Automatic digital cone penetrometer for asphalt and soil.
  • Testmak
    • Automatic Penetrometer: High-precision automatic cone penetrometer for various materials.
  • Koehler Instrument Company
    • K19500: Automatic cone penetrometer for grease, asphalt, and food.
    • K95500: High-precision cone penetrometer with touchscreen control.
  • PAC L.P. (Petroleum Analyzer Company)
    • Herzog HCP 5: High-precision automatic cone penetrometer for grease and asphalt.
  • Brookfield Ametek
    • BF35: High-precision cone penetrometer for grease and asphalt.
  • Stanhope-Seta
    • Seta Penetrometer: Digital automatic cone penetrometer for grease and asphalt.
  • Matest
    • A062: Automatic digital cone penetrometer for asphalt and grease.
  • TAMSON Instruments
    • TPC-72: High-precision cone penetrometer for grease and asphalt.
  • IKA
    • PEN 10: High-precision cone penetrometer for grease, asphalt, and food.

Longi Electromechanical Company specializes in the repair of cone penetrometers, with nearly 30 years of experience. We can quickly repair various instruments and also offer recycling and sales services for cone penetrometers. Welcome to consult.

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Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) Spotters: Principles, Brands,Usage, and Common Fault Repairs

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) Spotters: Principles, Usage, and Common Fault Repairs

I. Overview

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) Spotters are precision instruments specifically designed for TLC analysis. They play a crucial role in accurately and uniformly applying samples onto TLC plates, significantly enhancing the precision and repeatability of sample application. This, in turn, boosts the accuracy and efficiency of TLC analysis through automation.

II. Principles

The working principle of TLC Spotters is based on precise control and positioning technology. The main components include a sample injection system, a moving platform, a control system, and an application needle. During operation, the control system precisely controls the movement and sample release of the application needle according to preset parameters such as sample volume, application position, and application speed. The needle releases the sample solution at a constant speed and pressure onto the specified position on the TLC plate, forming uniform and regular sample spots.

III. Usage

Preparation:

  • Ensure the TLC plate is clean, flat, and placed on the moving platform of the spotter.
  • Prepare an appropriate amount of sample solution based on analytical requirements.

Parameter Setting:

  • Set parameters such as sample volume, application position, and application speed through the spotter’s control interface.
  • Ensure these parameters meet analytical requirements.

Sample Loading:

  • Inject the sample solution into the sample injection system of the spotter.
  • Check for bubbles or impurities in the sample to avoid affecting application quality.

Starting Application:

  • Start the spotter, and the control system will automatically control the movement of the application needle to the specified position, releasing the sample solution at the set speed and pressure.
  • Observe the movement trajectory of the needle and the formation of sample spots during the application process.

Completing Application:

  • After application, turn off the spotter and remove the TLC plate for subsequent analysis.
  • Check the uniformity and consistency of the applied spots.

IV. Common Faults and Repair Methods

Uneven Application:

  • Causes: Blocked needle, bubbles or impurities in the sample solution, too fast or too slow application speed.
  • Repair Methods: Clean the needle, ensure the sample solution is pure and free of impurities, adjust the application speed to an appropriate range.

Offset Application Position:

  • Causes: Inaccurate positioning of the moving platform, control system failure.
  • Repair Methods: Calibrate the moving platform to ensure accurate positioning; check control system connections and settings, and repair or replace if necessary.

Sample Leakage:

  • Causes: Poor sealing of the sample injection system, damaged needle.
  • Repair Methods: Inspect and replace sealing components, repair or replace the damaged needle.

Control System Failure:

  • Causes: Power supply failure, software errors, hardware damage.
  • Repair Methods: Check power supply connections and stability, restart or upgrade the software; for severe hardware damage, contact the manufacturer or professional repair personnel for replacement or repair.

Other Faults:

  • Faults such as mechanical component jamming and excessive noise should be investigated and repaired based on specific situations.

V. Brands and Models of TLC Spotters Repaired by Longi Electromechanical

  1. CAMAG
    • Linomat 5: Manual TLC Spotter
    • Automatic TLC Sampler (ATS 4): Automatic TLC Spotter
    • Nanomat 4: Manual Spotter for Small Volume Samples
  2. Analtech
    • Spiral Plater: Automatic TLC Spotter
    • Spotter 9: Automatic Spotter for Routine Applications
  3. Desaga (SARSTEDT)
    • AS 30: Automatic TLC Spotter
    • AS 3000: High-Throughput Automatic Spotter
  4. Merck (MilliporeSigma)
    • TLC Autosampler: Automatic TLC Spotter
    • Automatic TLC Sampler 4 (ATS 4): High-Precision Automatic Spotter
  5. Shimadzu
    • Chromatopac C-R6A: High-Precision Spotter with Analytical Functions
  6. Biostep
    • Digisampler: Digitally Controlled Automatic TLC Spotter
  7. Knauer
    • BlueSpotter: Automatic TLC Spotter for Rapid Application and High-Throughput Analysis
  8. SiliCycle
    • SiliTLC: Manual Spotter for Various Applications
  9. Sciencix
    • TLC Spotter: Available in both manual and automatic models, suitable for various sample types
  10. IKA
    • TLC Spotting Station: Modular design suitable for various experimental needs

Longi Electromechanical Company has nearly 30 years of experience in repairing TLC spotters and can quickly repair various types of instruments. Additionally, we offer recycling and sales services for various TLC spotters. Please feel free to consult us.

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Precision Chillers: Working Principle, Usage, and Common Fault Repair Guide

Precision Chillers: Working Principle, Usage, and Common Fault Repair Guide

I. Overview

Precision chillers are efficient and stable industrial auxiliary equipment widely used in fields requiring precise temperature control, such as laboratories, semiconductor manufacturing, pharmaceutical production, and plastic processing. By circulating cooling water or other cooling media, they provide a constant low-temperature environment for various equipment and systems, ensuring process stability and product quality.

II. Working Principle

The working principle of precision chillers is based on the heat exchange principle in thermodynamics. The main components include a compressor, condenser, evaporator, expansion valve, and water circulation system. The specific working principle is as follows:

  • Refrigerant Cycle: The refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature, high-pressure gas by the compressor, then enters the condenser where it releases heat through a cooling fan or natural cooling, condensing into high-pressure liquid. After passing through the expansion valve, the high-pressure liquid enters the evaporator, evaporates and absorbs heat under low pressure, absorbing heat from the circulating water and lowering its temperature.
  • Water Circulation System: Low-temperature cooling water is pumped to the equipment or system needing cooling, absorbs heat, and then returns to the evaporator for re-cooling, forming a closed cycle.
  • Automatic Control System: Through temperature sensors and controllers, the water temperature is monitored and adjusted in real-time to ensure it remains stable within the set range. The system is also equipped with protection and alarm devices to prevent equipment overload, refrigerant leakage, and other abnormalities.

III. Usage

  1. Installation and Debugging: Install the precision chiller correctly according to the equipment manual, and connect the water source, power supply, and drainage pipeline. Conduct a comprehensive inspection before starting to ensure all components are tightly connected and leak-free. Then, proceed with debugging and set the required water temperature and range.
  2. Startup and Operation: Turn on the power and start the compressor and water pump. Observe the indicator lights and display on the control panel to ensure the equipment is running normally. Adjust the water temperature and flow rate as needed to meet the cooling requirements of different equipment and systems.
  3. Maintenance and Upkeep: Regularly check the water quality and level of the cooling medium, and replace or replenish as necessary. Clean the surface dust and dirt on the condenser and evaporator to improve heat dissipation efficiency. Regularly inspect the operating status of key components such as the compressor and water pump, and promptly identify and address potential faults.

IV. Common Faults and Repair Methods

  1. Insufficient Cooling Water Flow: Check if the water pump is working normally and if there are any blockages or leaks. Clear debris and dirt from the water pump inlet and outlet to ensure smooth water flow. If the water pump is severely damaged, replace it with a new one.
  2. High Water Temperature: Check if the condenser’s heat dissipation effect is good and if there is any dust or debris affecting heat dissipation. Clean the dust and dirt on the condenser surface and ensure the cooling fan is running normally. If the problem persists, it may be due to insufficient or leaking refrigerant; replenish the refrigerant and check for leakage points for repair.
  3. Compressor Fault: The compressor is one of the core components of the precision chiller, with common faults including overload, overheating, and starting difficulties. Check the compressor’s operating current and voltage for normality, and listen for any abnormal sounds or vibrations. If the compressor is severely damaged, replace it with a new one.
  4. Control System Fault: Issues such as inaccurate temperature display or control failure may be due to a damaged temperature sensor or controller fault. Check if the temperature sensor is damaged or detached, and replace it if necessary. If the controller fault is severe, replace it with a new one or seek professional repair.
  5. Other Faults: For issues such as pipeline leaks and damaged electrical components, take corresponding repair measures based on the specific situation. Promptly identify and address fault points to ensure the equipment resumes normal operation.

V. Common Faults and Repair Methods for Specific Models

  • JULABO
    • F Series: FL2503, FL3003, FL601
    • FC Series: FC600, FC1200
  • Lauda
    • Proline Series: RP 845, RP 1290
    • Ultracool Series: UC 6, UC 12
  • Huber
    • Unichiller Series: Unichiller 003-MPC, Unichiller 005-MPC, Unichiller 009-MPC
    • Minichiller Series: Minichiller 300, Minichiller 600
  • Thermo Fisher Scientific
    • ThermoFlex Series: ThermoFlex 900, ThermoFlex 1400, ThermoFlex 2500
    • NESLAB HX Series: HX-150, HX-300, HX-750
  • PolyScience
    • DuraChill Series: DuraChill 6000, DuraChill 8000
    • Benchtop Chillers Series: 6000 Series, 8000 Series
  • VWR
    • VWR Series: VWR 1177PD, VWR 1180S, VWR 1187MD
  • Buchi
    • F Series: F-105, F-108, F-114
  • LabTech
    • H Series: H50-500, H50-1000
  • Peter Huber Kältemaschinenbau AG
    • Minichiller Series: Minichiller 300, Minichiller 600
    • Unichiller Series: Unichiller 003-MPC, Unichiller 005-MPC
  • Across International
    • Ai Series: Ai C30-25, Ai C30-40
  • JULABO USA, Inc.
    • FL Series: FL1200, FL2500, FL4003
  • Yamato Scientific
    • AD Series: AD-100, AD-200
  • Edwards
    • nXDS Series: nXDS6i, nXDS10i, nXDS15i
  • TAEevo Tech
    • TAEevo Tech Series: TAEevo Tech 051, TAEevo Tech 101
  • Grant Instruments
    • LT Ecocool Series: LT ecocool 150, LT ecocool 250
  • Haake (Thermo Scientific)
    • Phoenix II Series: Phoenix II C40P, Phoenix II C50P
  • Solid State (Japan)
    • ThermoCube
    • AHP-1202CPHC

Note: Longi Electromechanical Company has nearly 30 years of experience in repairing precision chillers and can quickly repair various instruments. They also recycle and sell various precision chillers. For inquiries, please contact us.

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Comprehensive Guide to Moisture Analyzers: Principles, Usage, Faults, and Repair

Moisture Analyzer Overview

A moisture analyzer, also known as a moisture meter or a moisture detector, is a device used for the rapid and accurate determination of water content in substances. It finds extensive application in various industries such as pharmaceuticals, plastics, metallurgy, mining, coal, building materials, chemicals, food, grain, feed, seeds, tea, agriculture and forestry, papermaking, rubber, and textiles. With diverse working principles and usage methods, moisture analyzers may encounter various faults during operation, necessitating corresponding repair techniques.

Principles

The working principles of moisture analyzers are broadly classified into physical measurement methods and chemical measurement methods:

Physical Measurement Methods:

  • Weight Loss Method: This involves heating the sample to evaporate the moisture and calculating the water content based on the weight difference before and after heating. Examples include infrared moisture analyzers and microwave moisture analyzers, which use far-infrared or microwave radiation to heat the sample and accelerate moisture evaporation.
  • Distillation Stratification Method: This method separates water based on the boiling point differences of different substances and measures its volume or weight.
  • Gas Chromatography Analysis: This technique uses gas chromatography to separate and detect the water content in the sample.

Chemical Measurement Methods:

  • Karl Fischer Method: This is an internationally recognized standard method for measuring trace moisture. It involves the participation of water in the sample in an oxidation-reduction reaction with iodine and sulfur dioxide, generating pyridine hydroiodic acid and pyridine methyl sulfate. The consumed iodine is produced through electrolysis, and the reaction continues until the water is depleted. This method includes both volumetric and coulometric (electric) forms.

Usage Methods

The general usage steps for a moisture analyzer include:

  1. Installation and Calibration:
    • Install components such as windshields, triangular brackets, and tray brackets.
    • Calibrate the instrument using weights to ensure accurate measurements.
  2. Parameter Setting:
    • Set parameters such as temperature, drying method (e.g., microwave, infrared), and drying time as needed.
  3. Measurement Steps:
    • Place the sample on the sample tray, ensuring uniform distribution.
    • Start the instrument to begin the heating and measurement process.
    • Wait for the measurement to complete and record the data.

Common Faults and Repair Methods

  • Instrument Not Powering On:
    • Causes: Unstable voltage, blown fuse, improperly plugged-in cord.
    • Repair Methods: Check the power cord and plug, replace the fuse, ensure stable voltage.
  • Light Not Turning On:
    • Causes: Test button not pressed, excessive sample weight, loose heater, broken filament.
    • Repair Methods: Press the test button, adjust the sample weight, check and secure the heater, replace the filament.
  • Unstable Weighing:
    • Causes: Environmental influences (e.g., airflow), improperly placed sample tray, loose protective screws.
    • Repair Methods: Improve the measurement environment, reposition the sample tray, tighten the protective screws.
  • Large Measurement Error:
    • Causes: Low voltage, poor operating environment, uneven sample, instrument aging.
    • Repair Methods: Ensure stable voltage, improve the operating environment, take uniform samples, calibrate the instrument regularly.
  • Electrolysis Open Circuit or Short Circuit:
    • Causes: Poor plug contact, open or short-circuited electrode leads, electrode leakage.
    • Repair Methods: Check the plug and socket contact, replace open or short-circuited electrode leads, address electrode leakage.
  • Damaged or Contaminated Probe:
    • Causes: Physical impact, corrosion, improper cleaning.
    • Repair Methods: Replace the damaged probe, plan cleaning times reasonably, adopt correct cleaning methods.
  • Software Fault:
    • Causes: Software errors, no response.
    • Repair Methods: Reinstall the software or contact maintenance personnel for assistance.

Brands and Models of Moisture Analyzers Repaired by Longi Electromechanical

  1. Mettler Toledo:
    • HX204: High-precision moisture analyzer
    • HS153: Halogen moisture analyzer
    • HE53: Economy moisture analyzer
    • HC103: General-purpose moisture analyzer
  2. Sartorius:
    • MA160: High-precision moisture analyzer
    • MA100: Halogen moisture analyzer
    • MA35: Basic moisture analyzer
    • MA37: Halogen moisture analyzer
  3. AND Instruments:
    • MX-50: Precision moisture analyzer
    • MF-50: Standard moisture analyzer
    • MS-70: Ultra-high precision moisture analyzer
  4. KERN:
    • DAB Series: DAB 100-3, DAB 200-2
    • DLB Series: DLB 160-3
  5. Shimadzu:
    • MOC-120H: Halogen moisture analyzer
    • MOC-63u: High-precision moisture analyzer
  6. Ohaus:
    • MB Series: MB120, MB90, MB45
  7. A&D:
    • HR-50: High-precision moisture analyzer
    • ML-50: Halogen moisture analyzer
  8. Precisa:
    • EM 120-HR: Halogen moisture analyzer
    • EM 120: Basic moisture analyzer
  9. RADWAG:
    • MA Series: MA 3Y, MA X2, MA R, MA 50.3Y
  10. Kett:
    • FD Series: FD-720, FD-610
  11. Denver Instrument:
    • IR Series: IR-35, IR-60
  12. Michell Instruments:
    • S8000 Series: S8000 Remote, S8000 RS
  13. CSC Scientific:
    • 100 Series: 100-0, 100-1
  14. Brookfield:
    • PFT: Laboratory moisture analyzer
  15. Thermo Fisher Scientific:
    • LDS Series: LDS 7000, LDS 7200
  16. KYOTO ELECTRONICS (Kyoto Denshi):
    • AT-710
    • MKH-700
      • Type: Volumetric/Coulometric Karl Fischer Moisture Meter
      • Features: Wide measurement range for water content (0μg to 500mg H2O), high measurement accuracy (0.3%), and fine measurement resolution (0.1μg)
    • ADP-611 Automatic Karl Fischer Sample Heating Processor
      • Used in conjunction with the Karl Fischer moisture meter for automatic sample heating to vaporize the water in the sample.
      • Features: Complies with ISO 15512 and ASTM D6869 furnace test requirements, with automatic heating, automatic scanning of sample evaporation temperature, and heated conduit from the furnace to the moisture meter to prevent condensation.
      • Technical Parameters: Temperature control range of 50 to 300°C, sample boat capacity of 16mL, gas flow rate of 70 to 300mL/min, etc.
    • Other Models:
      • MKV-710D: Volumetric titration moisture meter, Karl Fischer moisture meter.
      • MKC-710D: Coulometric moisture meter, Karl Fischer moisture meter.
      • MKH-710M: Mixed method Karl Fischer moisture meter.
      • MKC-710B: Practical coulometric Karl Fischer moisture meter, Karl Fischer micro-water meter.
      • MKC-710S: Luxury Karl Fischer coulometric moisture meter.
      • MKC-710M: Flagship coulometric Karl Fischer moisture meter.

Longi Electromechanical Company has nearly 30 years of experience in repairing moisture analyzers and can quickly repair various types of instruments. Additionally, we offer recycling and sales services for various moisture analyzers. Welcome to consult us.